what voltage should a battery drop to when cranking?

When a battery is cranking an engine, the voltage drop depends on the type of battery (e.g., 12V or 24V) and its condition. Here are the typical ranges:

12V Battery:

• Normal Range: Voltage should drop to 9.6V to 10.5V during cranking.
• Below Normal: If the voltage drops below 9.6V, it could indicate:
  • A weak or discharged battery.
  • Poor electrical connections.
  • A starter motor that draws excessive current.

24V Battery:

• Normal Range: Voltage should drop to 19V to 21V during cranking.
• Below Normal: A drop below 19V may signal similar issues, such as a weak battery or high resistance in the system.

Key Points to Consider:

1. State of Charge: A fully charged battery will maintain better voltage stability under load.
2. Temperature: Cold temperatures can reduce cranking efficiency, especially in lead-acid batteries.
3. Load Test: A professional load test can provide a more accurate assessment of the battery's health.

If the voltage drop is significantly below the expected range, the battery or the electrical system should be inspected.